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Lee's Ferry (Mile 0) - Start fn canyon. Down river from Glen Canyon Dam, the historical town of Lees Ferry lies in the break between Glen, Marble and Paria canyons. A natural corridor between Utah and Arizona, Lees Ferry was named for, and settled by Mormon John D. Lee, who established the first Colorado River crossing at this site. Until Navajo and Glen Canyon Bridges were built in the 20th century, Lees Ferry benefited from a circumstance of geology. Due to the shale deposits which slope gently to the river here, it was the only place to cross the Colorado River for 260 miles. Everywhere else along the Colorado, from Moab, Utah to Laughlin, Nevada, the Colorado has cut through limestone and sandstone which creates vertical cliffs and gorges as it erodes, thus making it impossible to ford. From 1873 to 1896, the ferry was run by Warren Johnson and his son. A stone fort, built in 1874 as a result of unrest between area Navajo and settlers, and a trading post constructed around 1913, still stand. Note the small fortified windows or gun ports on the right side of the above building. Interpretive trails through the town, along the Colorado River, and at the Lonely Dell Ranch in the adjacent Paria River Valley, offer glimpses of early Mormon pioneer and subsequent mining lifestyles. The Grand Canyon officially begins here at Lees Ferry. The light band of limestone angling out above the water is the Kaibab formation, the upper layer at the rim of the Grand Canyon gorge. This limestone was deposited in horizontal layers at the bottom of an inland sea more than 200 million years ago. Subsequently, as these layers uplifted and warped, the Colorado River sliced down through them. The Kaibab Formation becomes visible here, 3,000 feet above sea level, and climbs to 85,00 feet at the North Rim of Grand Canyon, 90 river miles away. Some interesting balanced rocks occur on the road to Lees Ferry. In the picture above, the cliff is being eroded by wind, frost and water. The balanced rock, called a hoodoo, is formed by differential erosion -- the softer rock below erodes faster than the harder rock above. The boulder on the pedestal is a roof protecting the soft rock underneath The water, wind and sand abrasion will cut at the soft layer pedestal, and eventually the boulder will fall. This process will continue creating many more interesting rock structures until the hill is eroded away. In 1927, construction on Navajo Bridge began across Marble Canyon. When the bridge was completed in 1928, the need for Lees Ferry ended. A newer bridge has recently replaced the old and now parallels the old spanning over 834 feet of the gorge at a height of 467 feet. The next opportunity to cross the Colorado River west of Lees Ferry is Boulder Dam, many miles below the Grand Canyon. Lees Ferry is probably best known today as the launching area for river rafting trips through the Grand Canyon gorge. Permits are required and should be obtained a year or more in advance. Numerous commercial enterprises offer various rafting packages. For information on Grand Canyon river trips, write: Grand Canyon National Park, Grand Canyon, AZ 86023-0129. Lees Ferry offers a ranger station, campground, launch ramp, courtesy dock, fish-cleaning station and access to 15 miles of the Colorado River (upriver only). A restaurant, service station, post office and store are available at the town of Marble Canyon on Highway 89A, 3.5 miles south of Lees Ferry.
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